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How Much Data Does Roku Use? Your Streaming Data Costs

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Streaming is the best way to watch movies, music, and everything you want from the internet. When talking about streaming, Roku will be among the platforms that come to your mind first. Roku TV has always had good programming, and it only got better with streaming.

Since 2012, users have used data and Wi-Fi connectivity to stream high-resolution videos from Roku. 

But how much data does Roku use? Will this viewing option put a strain on your data plan? Let us get into the details and give you an answer;

How Much Data Does Roku Use? 

The data used will depend on your viewing quality. Higher resolutions like 4K will use much more data than options like 480p. If you stream 4K or 1080 HD on an unmetered network, Roku could easily use 6 or 7 GB each hour. 

If you watch, say, 8 hours each day, you will have a total of about 1.6 Terabytes of data each month. You need to limit some settings to make sure your Roku does not use too much data.

How To Control Data Used By Roku

Everyone is now shifting to streaming platforms, and they work amazingly well. You might, however, get some issues like buffering or the internet connection in your house slowing down. This is a somewhat common issue with Roku users.

You need to reduce the internet usage on your Roku. This will help speed up any other devices that use your Wi-Fi, and it will save you some cash in data usage. 

Streaming HD content on an unmetered Wi-Fi connection could prove to be costly to you. To do this, you need to press a series of keys on your Roku remote. 

Focus on the home button, fast forward button, and the reverse button. You need to as quickly as possible press the home button five times, press the reverse button thrice then press the fast forward button twice. 

If you are slow while doing this, it will not take you to the right menu. The key combination should bring you to the Bitrate override screen. 

If it takes you to a different screen, go back and try the keys again. You will see that the stream rate is set to automatic.

This means that your Roku works per your Wi-Fi’s speed. If the signal slows down or speeds up, the system will adjust with it. You need to scroll down and select the option for manual selection.

A window will come up with a series of stream rates in Mbps. The signal strength and Wi-Fi properties change depending on the internet service provider. 

You, therefore, need to get the lowest possible stream rate that can work for your viewing. Select a low rate, then go back to your channels and look at a streaming option you often use. 

If the video quality is good enough for you, you can leave it, and it will cut down on internet usage. 

If the quality is not good enough, do the process again and choose the next number. Keep going until you get the lowest stream rate that gives you the quality you want, and leave there. 

This might reduce the quality, but it will save on data usage since the bit rate will be limited to stay as low as possible.

How Much Internet Speed Do I Need To Stream TV?

Streaming any form of data, video audio, or files is like a river; it can be a small stream or a large river and anything between. Larger streams generally have more speed and performance, but they cost you more money. 

The small streams might be cost-efficient, but they could not be fast enough to stream high-quality pictures. 

Your goal should be to get a service that can do what you need it to do without spending too much. So how much speed is enough?

This is important since ISPs might mislead you into believing that you need the most expensive connections to stream TV. 

This is not true, but your plan should allow you to watch good-quality videos without any buffering. 

The main reason to go to streaming is to avoid overpriced cable programming, so paying too much for a connection defeats the point. To get a steady HD stream, you require a network of at least 5Mbps per stream.

This means if you want to have two HD streams, you need to have 10Mps, which is the specific speed for Netflix streaming. You can use speeds lower than 5Mbps, but you would be risking quality and buffering.

For HULU, you can view a 720p stream with an internet speed of 3Mbps, 6Mbps for 1080HD, and 13Mbps for a 4K UD stream. 

You notice that the resolution increases with the internet requirement. You can work with a speed anywhere near these figures, and you will be comfortable.

Fast speeds are necessary when streaming, but they are often overrated. If you want to stream 4K, then anything above 12Mbps will work well for you. 

For 1080 HD and 720, get an internet speed of around 8Mbps, and you will enjoy your movies without a problem.

Are The New Roku Streamers Good?

These days most people are disconnecting cables and moving to streaming as their primary entertainment source. This is a good choice, and more companies are coming into the streaming market. 

One of the most known streaming companies is Roku. Roku has made a mark in the streaming industry, and they are now making TV Operating systems as well. They have launched several streaming devices that you need to know about, so let’s get into it;

There are several devices to choose from: the Roku streaming stick, Roku Premiere, Roku express, etc. 

They have some differences, but they are mostly similar; they are all external streaming devices that let you access TV content by connecting to your Wi-Fi.

Each device will come with a remote. The remote is simple, and it will help you navigate through the various streaming options you have. 

You can also use your smartphone by downloading the Roku remote app and installing it on your phone.

With the remote app, you can use Roku’s private listening option. This feature allows you to direct the audio into headphones for a more personal movie session. 

It works through the pho0one, so you have to connect the headphones to your phone. The setup process is the same for all Roku streaming devices, and it is easy. 

You could give it to a child, and they would be able to use it comfortably. All you need to do is plug it in, connect it to your Wi-Fi, and start streaming. 

The Roku Streaming stick is the fastest of the series. If you have a good Wi-Fi signal, you will not experience any buffering lag regardless of the device you use. Roku has kept a consistency when it comes to giving their users high speed. However, if you are traveling to a different country you may encounter some throttling problems that will limit your speed. If you want the best VPN for Roku, visit Earthweb.

The performance of these devices depends on your viewing devices. If you buy a 4K Roku stick and a 1080 HD TV, you will get 1080 HD pictures. 

The best thing is to buy high-resolution devices that can take maximum advantage of Roku’s quality streams.

Roku Express is the cheapest option for you, but it is limited to HDTV. It is an entry-level option, and it will be best for those using older TVs that don’t support 4K. If you have a 4K TV, you might want to get a Roku Premier.

The Roku premier can stream 4K and HDR, and you must have a 4K TV for this device to work correctly. 

It comes with an HDMI cable that supports 4K, so you can connect it to your TV without spending more money.

The Roku streaming stick is the latest, smallest, and fastest of the products. This stick can handle faster Wi-Fi signals for a higher 4K resolution. 

It is thumb-sized and has an HDMI header so you can plug it into your TV like a thumb drive, and you are set.

Roku has all the major channels and apps you would use, including Netflix, Apple TV, YouTube, Amazon Prime, among others. 

You can get more options and versatility with Roku streaming than you would any cable network service, so it is worth the shift.

Conclusion

Roku uses a lot of data, especially when dealing with high-quality videos like 4K or 1080p. You need to ensure the Roku doesn’t hurt other electronics because it takes too much of the bandwidth.

You can meter the data usage on your router to limit the Roku and also change some of its connectivity settings.

Roku is an amazing option for streaming, and it should give you all the services you would want from a TV.

There are several devices for you to choose from, depending on your need and budget. Get good internet and buy a Roku streaming stick to enjoy all your shows in one place at affordable prices.

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What Is GPU Process? Understanding Your Graphics

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When picking out a new gaming PC, most of us look at the RAM and GPU before getting into other details. 

The GPU is vital, especially in gaming, since it will determine how well your game gets rendered; thus, it dictates how much you will enjoy it.

But how much do you know about how your GPU works to process data and give you amazing videos? Let us get into the graphics unit and see the components along with how they work together to provide you with a good gaming experience;

What Is GPU Process?

This is a hardware performance boost process. This process boosts your hardware performance to the maximum since the GPU passes all intensive tasks to your hardware. The extra burden will drain your memory, but it has its benefits.

 First, it will increase efficiency since the GPU is designed to handle graphics. It will also free the CPU and focus on other processes that would make multitasking possible. This process is enabled by default, but it can hurt your memory, so you should disable it if your system performs sub-optimally. 

Why Is Hardware Acceleration Necessary??

Hardware acceleration uses your PC processing power to boost the performance of gaming or browsing applications. 

You need to understand why this process matters and how it affects the working of your applications.

You must have seen the hardware acceleration option in an app. You might have needed to disable or enable it to change the performance of your device. If you have a powerful CPU, this is not a process you need to worry about.

When the CPU is overwhelmed, it can pass some of the load to specialized systems. For instance, the CPU can use the sound cards to process sound from browsers or videos to give better audio output. 

Graphics cards can also be used to produce better quality video playback in movies and games. Graphics cards are better and faster at handling physics and mathematical calculations, making them more efficient than CPUs.

The CPU alone can do anything the GPU or sound card can do, but allowing other components to do the job is a better choice. This leaves the CPU with space to deal with tasks that other parts cannot process.

The problem is, hardware acceleration doesn’t always work as it should. It might cause the system to become unstable, and you will be forced to disable it. If your CPU is stronger than the other components, hardware acceleration will be ineffective.

Additionally, if you have cooling issues in your PC, the components might overheat and cause a drop in all the PC’s processing activities. This might cause more problems that you would not get if you disabled hardware acceleration. 

This could also be a problem when the drivers cannot run as comfortably with the CPU as with the components. This will cause your entire system to slow down, and there will be more performance lags.

In such cases, you should disable hardware acceleration. When it works well, hardware acceleration can be a great way to boost your PC’s performance and get apps to work better.

What Is Inside Your Graphics Card?

Most people understand why graphics cards are essential but do you know how it works to give you the results you enjoy from it. Let us break down its components and help you understand how a graphics card works;

When you look at the graphics card, you will notice the huge fans in a metal casing. You will realize that most of the case is dedicated to cooling; why is this so? 

Just like your computer, a graphics card is like a small computer in your computer, and computing generates heat.

 This is not our primary concern, although it is crucial. We are more interested in the other internal components.

The PCB is the most interesting part. This is a Printed circuit board with a large span of conductors, and electrical components edged onto a substrate. When you peel back the thermal pad, the most apparent element you will see is the GPU.

The Graphics processing unit has millions of cores that help it in dealing with graphics. The cores come together to perform a bulkier data load than a CPU can handle in optimal performance, but they can only handle one linear task.

The next thing you will see is VRAM which is next to the GPU. When the GPU processes large amounts of data, you need to have that information availed to your computer. 

You can’t have the graphics processed then not displayed anywhere since it defeats the purpose of processing.

Video RAM, therefore, stores all the processed data to make it available for your computer to display. 

Having specific RAM for the graphics will allow the card to send its data to the computer since it has already been computed.

The GPU also has a voltage regulator module. This is a component that controls the electricity that comes into your GPU. The processor is small and sensitive, which means it can get fried by electrical surges. 

If there is power starvation, the processor will not work as it should; thus, it needs to balance the power supply.

 These are the most necessary components, and a graphics card cannot work without all of them present.

How CPU And GPU Affect Video Games

We look at computer specs and their performance; you couldn’t know how these specs affect how your computer handles video games. 

It feels like the names could tell you the difference between graphics and center, but they have significant differences.

The best game run has it with 60 frames each second. This means that an image has to be generated 60 times each second to show you what is going on in the game. Rendered objects must have some physics or AI algorithm that dictates how they work.

The physics and visuals come together to give you the game and motion you see on the screen. The GPU handles lighting, the position of objects, textures, shades, and other aspects that deal with visuals.

The number of polygons that your screen can display depends on the kind of GPU you have. The graphics card also dictates the resolution and texture of any objects that will appear on your screen.

The graphics card handles numerous features that can be controlled by software, but it does it better. This means that the GPU does the artistic work in the processing and rendering of video in games.

The CPU, on the other hand, does the organizational work in the game. There is no such thing as an image if there is nothing in the picture. Objects in computers are made of polygons which are made of faces and vertices.

You can manipulate an object to move by moving the vertices, and the CPU executes this task. The CPU is also responsible for tracking the game logic and ensuring that your game runs as it should.

It will generate the particle systems, and then the GPU will process and render these systems as images. 

It will also calculate and handle the physics of how the objects in your game react to each other with the game’s logic.

The CPU is what makes it possible for you to aim and shoot at an opponent, while the GPU makes it possible for you to see this happen. This means that the CPU and GPU depend on each other when processing games.

You won’t have a working system if you have a high-end GPU that can handle all the graphics and a bad CPU. 

The CPU will be unable to keep up with the GPU, which will make the GPU underperform, or it will cause your system to crash.

Recently, the two components are getting built into each other. Some GPUs can do matrix and vector computations that a CPU would otherwise do. These will make each of these systems more capable and improve the user experience. 

GPUs are generally faster than CPUs, pushing engineers to look for a broader range of GPU usage. Some of these uses include mining cryptocurrency along with using GPUs in deep learning neural networks. 

The GPU is suitable for specific operations since it handles data in a linear form. On the other hand, CPUs can do many random tasks, often simultaneously, making them a good choice for PCs and mobile devices.

Conclusion

Chrome uses a GPU process to optimize its performance. This is what makes chrome work as well as it does and stand out from other browsers you use. 

This feature also releases your CPU and makes it work better with other processes that would have slowed it down.

GPUs and CPUs are built to work together. A CPU generates data and does the calculation while a GPU processes the visuals. 

These two come together to produce the motion, graphics, logical shooting, and impacts you see in a video game.

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How To Find Adobe Serial Number On Mac

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The usage of the Adobe application on your Mac may be frustrating if you do not have a serial number or an activated license. Without a serial number, the use of the Adobe application will have Trouble arises if you do not back up your serial number during the initial installation process. It makes it hard for you to find or retrieve Adobe serial numbers on your Mac.

It is frustrating when you wish to change your Mac or even satisfy your curiosity about finding an Adobe serial number, and you do not know how to go about it. Such cases become stressful, especially when the software supplier does not have a specified procedure to help you find the serial key. Although it is unnecessary to know where you store your Adobe serial number, it is essential to understand some methods to help you find it.

How To Find Adobe Serial Number On Mac

As a Mac owner, you may be using Adobe product applications like Premiere Pro, XD, Rush Lightroom, Illustrator, or Photoshop. Are you frustrated and finding it hard to locate your Adobe serial number? Well, various methods will help you find Adobe serial numbers easily. Such strategies include using serial number finder software, checking your product during purchase, asking your product provider, searching in your Mac’s library.

Find Adobe Serial Number Given During Purchase

The mode you use when buying your Adobe app determines how you find the serial number. For instance, if you purchased it directly from Adobe, you should start by logging in to the Adobe website using your Adobe ID and proceed to the product section. Then check for the registered products section by clicking the “Plans” tab and the “My products” section. Record the serial number corresponding to the app you are using.

Furthermore, logging into an Adobe account will provide you with the required information and prevent any additional bother. After signing in, check on the left-hand side of your screen and click on “Order History.” A new screen will display various tabs. Click “Order Column and select “Order Number.” You will see your serial number displayed on a new screen. Note it down and activate your Adobe product on your Mac.

When purchasing a teacher or student edition of the Adobe app, you likely received a redemption code or a serial number. Check if you noted these keys somewhere and use them whenever required. You may need the serial number or redemption key when upgrading, updating, or wish to change your product plan. During these situations, you will receive redemption codes that you will use to retrieve the Adobe serial number.

If you bought your Adobe product from an online retailer or store, they likely sent you a redemption code. Most retailers request your email address when making purchases. Thus, check your email to see if the retailer sent the redemption code. In the case of online stores like Amazon, there is a redemption code in your account. Follow the following steps to find the redemption code or serial number on Amazon.

  • Log in to your Amazon account
  • Click on “Your Orders”
  • Select “Order Details”
  • On the right-hand side of the account, click on “Go to Your Software Library.”
  • Record the redemption code as provided.

Use the redemption code to retrieve your serial number from the Adobe website. Create an account or log in to Adobe with your existing details. Proceed to services, then click on “Redeem your Purchase.” Enter the code you noted from your Amazon account and click “Redeem,” then record the serial number provided. Proceed to download the app. If your app shows a message with an “invalid serial number,” then the Adobe product you are using is not genuine.

Check The Details Of Your Product During Purchase

After purchasing your Adobe product from a store, it is essential to check for the serial number. You will find a serial number on the product box or the disk sleeve. Also, you can find the 24-digit code on the sleeve of a DVD. Other than that, the insert card may contain a redemption code, which you can use to find the serial number.

Moreover, if you cannot find the Adobe serial number after the purchasing process, try checking your prepaid card. Your prepaid card has a scratch-off foil beneath it. Thus, scratching the foil will reveal a redemption code that you will use to retrieve the Adobe serial number.

Search In Your Mac’s Library

Although most Mac owners do not have specific storage areas for their Adobe serial numbers, the library is critical to find the key. Usually, the Adobe software supplier chooses where to store it. If you recently installed your Adobe product, look through the library, and check the serial number on the Adobe PCD folder. Thus, it is essential to search your serial number in the ordinary files of your Mac’s library.

Since there is a high chance that you did not back up your serial number during the installation of Adobe, it will be hard to retrieve it when the need arises. However, an automatic feature allows Adobe to save the serial number in the Mac library after activation. To find the serial numbers of Adobe apps such as CS5, follow the following steps.

  • Go to the “Library”
  • Select the “Application Support” tab
  • Proceed to choose Adobe
  • Then select the Adobe PCD and then click on “Cache.”
  • After that, select “cache.DB”

After following all the steps highlighted, you will see a 24-digit code with encryption. The encryption protects the serial number from fraudulent activities or access by unauthorized parties. Mac OS X allows you to decrypt it using wine and to follow the prompts displayed on the screen. Besides, you can download a freeware program that will easily decode the serial number and prevent you from going through a hassle. Save the serial number and use it when reinstalling to activate the Adobe app on your Mac.

Use Serial Number Finder Software

Using serial number finder freeware is the best possible solution to find the Adobe serial number on your Mac. If you have a backed-up key that you forgot where you stored, the finder will help reduce your frustrations. Although some software is free to use, others need you to subscribe, and you can pay a small fee. Even if you pay for the subscription, the software relieves you of the frustrations and other costs that may arise, like repurchasing Adobe products.

Apfk (Adobe Product Key Finder)

Finding your Adobe serial number is easy using software because it scans the entire Mac system. This finder will enable you to locate serial numbers for most Adobe apps like CS5, CS4, CS3, Photoshop, Illustrator, Adobe Flash, Acrobat, and Dreamweaver. This finder recovers both serial numbers and licenses keys of Adobe apps on your Mac, making it easy to find them. Also, APKF identifies all the Adobe apps present in your Mac and creates a backup folder for all the serial numbers. This feature helps access all the information of Adobe apps with minimum costs.

Mac Product Key Finder

This freeware backs up and recovers all the serial numbers and product keys of apps you install on your Mac. If you have Adobe Photoshop, this program will come in handy and help you find the serial number on your Mac. Subscribing to a pro version will avail a wide range of features, such as deep scanning and providing network information of your Mac.

Using System Information To Find Adobe Serial Number

Adobe Photoshop is an essential tool that allows you to generate graphics, edit photos, and assist in designing. In case your Adobe Photoshop requires the serial number, click on the registration of the app. Before contacting Adobe or checking for app details during purchase, use the following steps to help you access this crucial information.

  • Click and open the Photoshop app from the “Finder” on your Mac
  • Check on the toolbar on the upper part of the app and click on the region labeled “Help.”
  • Then click on the part labeled “About Photoshop.”
  • The serial number will be visible after opening the dialogue box
  • Note the serial number

Which Methods Can You Use To Find Adobe Serial Numbers From Your Mac?

When you have a problem finding an Adobe serial number, you should search on the library of your Mac and retrieve it from your Adobe account. Besides, check on your email if you purchased your Adobe app from a reseller, from the system information of the program, and use it.

Which Are Some Of The Software You Can Use To Retrieve The Adobe Serial Number?

Some of the best programs you can use to find Adobe serial numbers on your Mac include Mac Product Key Finder and Adobe Product Key Finder. The two freeware retrieve all backed-up information and place it in a folder.

Conclusion

Adobe serial number is essential because it enables you to access premium features on your Mac. However, it is frustrating whenever you do not find this serial number on your Mac. To avoid such stresses, you should search your Mac’s library and use finder software like APFK and Mac Product Key Finder. Besides, check your email for any redemption code if you bought the Adobe product from a retailer and check for all the details on the product box and prepaid card.

References

How Hot Can A GPU Get Before Damage? Understanding the Necessity Of Cooling

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Did you know that your GPU does not need a fan to work? You can get the GPU to work without a cooling system as long as you have other components. The only problem is that it will generate a lot of heat and get damaged.

But how much does it take to overheat a GPU? How much can it take before the heat finally damages your GPU? Let us break this down and see how you can prevent it from happening;

How Hot Can A GPU Get Before Damage?

Most manufacturers, including AMD and NVIDIA, put the maximum temperature rating for their GPUs at between 900C and 950C. Some extreme models go up to 1000C, but standard GPUs will give out at 800C. 

Anything above this temperature will damage the GPU beyond repair. Even if the damage is not immediate, it will slowly reduce its performance, and your GPUs lifespan will decrease significantly. So the best thing to do is always have a cooling system working to keep the temperatures as low as possible.

Tips On Keeping Your GPU Cool

When it comes to GPUs or any other computer components, low temperatures are always a good thing. A GPU is expensive, and it has many sensitive parts that could easily get damaged by heat.

In addition to this, the GPU performs highly complex operations that need a lot of power. This high power supply and incredible processing capabilities come at a cost, the heat generated. You notice that a GPU has enormous fans to keep it cool.

Sometimes, you could perform heavy tasks on your PC, and the graphics card’s cooling system is not enough. Here is a guide on a few tips you can use to cool down the graphics card o it works better;

  • Choose the right paneling. The type of panel you use will determine how much air gets to your GPU. The more air your GPU gets, the better it will cool down since the air will carry most of the heat away. 
  • If the GPU is inside your PC, keep it in an open place that has precise airflow. This will make it easier for the fans to take air in and out of the GPU and PC, keeping both of them in optimal performance. 

For older Graphics cards, you can change the thermal paste. You can use alcohol pads to clean off the aged thermal paste before you use the new one. Thermal paste links the GPU to a heat sink, which means bad paste won’t release heat from the processor.

  • You can have more control over the fan acidity using software like MSI Afterburner. This will allow you to increase the fan speed when you put a load on your GPU so that the fan keeps your GPU low. 
  • The effectiveness will differ depending on your GPUs cooling design, so you have to be smart about the GPUs you buy. The case and fans should allow enough airflow to cool the GPU, even in extreme use.
  • Keep the GPU clean. This seems obvious, but regular cleaning to get rid of dust and debris in the fan and heatsinks will help cool. 

Dust could hinder heat transmission from your GPU; thus, removing it will make heat loss more effective. A clean fan will also run better than one with dust in it so that it will keep your fans cooler.

What Damage Does Excess Heat Do To Your PC?

Every computer expert or newbie will tell you that heat is bad for your PC. If you get professional advice when building a PC, there will be an emphasis on the cooling system. So what is the fuss about? What does the excess heat do to your PC?

Numerous issues arise due to poor heat management, but we can break them into three major issues. 

All of these issues could potentially cause your PC to stop working, so let us break it down and see the details;

1. The heat will lower electrical resistance in the conductors and semi-conductors in your PC

You might think that reduced resistance is a good thing, but it is not. The power supply unit is calibrated to account for the resistance.

This means that the current your PSU sends is enough to power the component despite resistance. So when the resistance is reduced, the parts will get more power than they should have, which could be a problem for you. 

More power means that there will be even more heat in the system, which will worsen the damage. For sensitive components, a small increase in current could fry them and render your PC useless.

2. It will reduce the performance of your PC

The high temperatures could damage some components of your PC. The PC could still work, but it will not work as well as before without the excess heat-damaged support systems.

The motherboard has heat sensors installed in it to protect the components. These sensors can make the PC shut down, and the shutdown will be more prevalent with a damaged system. All PCs have this self-preservation system to keep them working.

The motherboard will slow down your PC’s components when the temperatures go up to cool down. 

Too much heat could damage the sensors, so this safety measure will not be deployed, and your PC will get damaged.

3. It will increase the degradation of electrical pathways

Electrical pathways in your PC components move the data around, which can be affected by high temperatures. These networks will wear out over time, but working with hot environments will speed it up.

Over time, the pathways will get mixed up, affecting data movement in your components. This will cause corruption of data, loss of files from storage, and numerous other performance issues. 

Any PC that has been in use for many years might develop these issues due to old age, but it is more prevalent in overheating PCs. 

In a few years, you might have these issues with a poorly cooled PC but use a cool PC for decades without going through this.

In cases of extreme heat, the low-temperature solder used on the components could melt due to high temperatures. 

This will cause the parts to fall apart, and I don’t need to tell you what happens to your PC then.

Details On PC Temperatures And Cooling Needs

Cooling is important since high temperatures can damage everything in your PC from the RAM, CPU, processor, and many other components. A poorly cooled PC will always have low performance, but just how much heat can your PC survive?

The T-junction temperature varies between CPUs. This is the temperature at which your PC will lower performance to reduce the temperature if the cooling system is not working well. 

For most PCs and GPUs, this temperature ranges between 800C and 950C. Some high-end hard disks cannot handle temperatures higher than 700C since they will lose user data. So why is temperature control so crucial in PCs?

Most PC components don’t have moving parts that depend on high-performance lubricants to keep them cool. 

They, therefore, don’t have an optimal operation temperature which means that you need to keep them as cool as possible.

This is why for most components, a maximum temperature is specified while a minimum is not. Having said this, you should keep the PC at room temperature. 

This is because condensation will occur if the PC is cooler, and water droplets will fall onto your components.

This will be a more significant concern since water is worse for your motherboard than high temperatures. 

Too much temperature will reduce the performance and lifespan of your PC, but water will damage it in a matter of minutes.

It would help if you matched the temperature to prevent overheating while checking condensation. 

This is why air cooling systems are a good choice; they pass air through the components so that the temperature of your PC always matches that of your surroundings.

To be safe, you need to work with the figure your PC’s manufacturer provided for you. Keep in mind that the manufacturers produce these numbers while thinking about the largest population and how they use their products. 

Conclusion

Your GPU is built to withstand temperatures of up to 900C, but it is not a good idea to get it this high when the temperatures in your PC or GPU rise, the system lowers performance to control the temperature.

This means that an overheated system will not work as well as a cool system. In addition to reduced performance, an overheated PC will have a shorter lifespan and might produce corrupted data.

To stay safe, make sure you always keep the temperature of your GPU as low as possible. Lower temperatures will give you higher performance, a longer lifespan, and a better user experience.

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What Is A Radio Network Controller? All About Cellular Networks

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Inventions made by humans have always been an impressive thing to look at historically. The inventors made radios, telephones, cars, and so much more out of nothing. Over the years, we have made improvements, but we still look up to our predecessors.

One of the most commonly used technologies is radio technology. Over the years, its use has been diversified to more fields, ie. 

Wi-Fi, radios, remotes, and so much more. So it is essential to understand this technology because it is a big part of our society.

What Is A Radio Network Controller

All third-generation cellular mobile systems based on GSM need a governing element, and this element is the RNC. The RNC controls the Node Bs connected to a mobile cellular system and manages the radio resources in a system. 

The RNC also handles part of the encryption process, and it helps keep user data secure in transit. A media gateway connects an NRC to a network.

What Is A Media Gateway? 

A radio Network controller needs a media gateway to work, so you need to understand what a media gateway is. 

While communication is simple on your end, it is complex and goes through a ton of processes. Let’s get into the details and see this;

A media gateway is a translation service or device. It is placed between two different telecommunication platforms, and it changes the format of data to allow the technologies to communicate. 

A media gateway works with almost everything from SS7, POTS, and some Next-generation Networks, including 2G, 2.5G, and 3G networks. As more networks are getting created, media gates are getting improved to support them.

Media gateways allow for multimedia communication between packet networks through protocols like the Internet Protocol. The primary job of a media gateway is to connect two different networks.

This job means that it has to convert between the two platforms’ coding techniques and transmission techniques. 

This flexibility allows the gateway to act as a translator to ensure seamless data transmission from both devices.

Also, media gateways have more functionality to improve transmission; they have DTMF, echo cancellation, and tone sender. These are integrated to make sure the quality of transmission is not lost as the sound gets transmitted.

A media gateway does not function independently; an independent media gateway controller manages them in most cases. 

This controller provides the signaling functionality and calls control that allows the gateway to work appropriately.

Call agents communicate to the media gateway using protocols such as MGCP or the Session Initiation Protocol. 

Most gateways that use SIP today are standalone systems with integrated signaling and call functions.

This integration allows these gateways to work as intelligent and independent SIP endpoints because they don’t need external resources. 

There are different types of media gateways, and they perform various tasks; thus, other systems use them.

One type is the VoIP; Voice over IP is used to do conversions over time-division multiplexing. It converts voice to a media streaming protocol the same way it does with a signaling protocol it uses. Along with these, it also works with RTP to make all transmissions fast and secure.

Media gateways used in mobile access connect a next-generation network core to a PLMN. 3GPP standards define the configurations of the network to keep the users on both ends satisfied.

What Is Radio Resource Management

RRM is an essential role of an RNC, so we need to break this down and understand it better. We need to know what it is and how it functions better to understand the role of a radio network controller so let’s jump into it;

RMM is system-level management of interference between channels. It manages radio resources along with other transmission characteristics when dealing with wireless transmission systems.

Some of the wireless networks that use RMM include WLANs, Wireless sensor systems, and cellular networks. 

Radio resource management controls the parameters of the operation of a network using algorithms and complex strategies.

The areas an RRM controls most include data rates, transmit power, beamforming, modulation scheme, user allocation, error coding scheme, and more. By limiting these resources, a radio resource management system affects how well a network will work.

The purpose of having a radio network controller is to use the limited radio network as efficiently as possible. 

Without resource management, the network would be unable to handle all the traffic, and there would be significant issues with data transmission.

An RMM does not deal with the point-to-point channel bandwidth. Instead, it deals with multi-cell and multi-user network issues to ensure all the channels available are used efficiently by the whole network.

Traditional communication systems often focus on the source and channel coding, with one user being the target. It is impossible to use the entire channel capacity when many users in adjoining stations share a frequency channel; thus, resources go to waste.

Efficient RMM schemes will increase the overall system efficiency. This improvement would be of a more significant magnitude than you would expect to get from introducing advanced coding that focuses on one channel or source.

RMM is even more important in systems that have an issue with interference between channels or those affected by noise. An excellent example of these would be cellular or broadcast systems that cover large areas.

Such would be large wireless networks, and they will have many adjoining access points that use the same channels. 

Without a resource management system, the data would get mixed up during transmission, and it would be lost by the time it gets to the receiver.

Base station costs usually dominate the cost of having wireless networks. These include planning, maintenance, real estate costs, energy and frequency licensing fees. The total comes to a large sum, so you have to use it as efficiently as you can.

A sound management system will allow a network to cover an extensive network without getting interference between the channels or path losses which will cause attenuation. This system will ensure the users get the quality service that they require.

How Does Your Mobile Phone Work?

For most of us, our mobile phones are the most important things we have. We need them to browse the internet, play games, watch videos, and text. The primary function of a phone is to make calls, so let us look into this and see how it works;

When you speak into your phone, the phone’s microphone will pick up your voice, and it uses its sensor and IC to convert your voice to electrical signals. This is a digital signal that has your voice in binary form. 

An antenna in your phone will get these binary signals and transmit them as electromagnetic waves. 

The waves will alter their characteristics, such as the amplitude, to express the 1s and 0s of your binary input. 

To establish a call, you need to transmit these signals from your phone to a friend’s phone. Electromagnetic waves can’t travel long distances since physical barriers exist, and other waves in the air will attenuate them.

To overcome these problems, engineers used cellular technology to come up with cell towers. In this technology, an area is distributed into cells, and every cell has its tower and frequency slot. The towers are linked using fiber cables.

Towers pick up your phone’s electromagnetic waves in your cell. The tower will convert these signals to high-frequency light pulses transmitted to the tower’s base transceiver box. 

The signal is processed, cleaned, and boosted to go to the target cell tower. The signal is transmitted to the destination tower through fiber cables. 

The signal will be received on the other tower, which will convert it back to electromagnetic waves.

The receiver tower will then broadcast the signal with the recipients’ address, and their phone will receive it. 

The signal will get changed back to 1s and 0s then the phone will convert it to sound that comes out of the speaker.

The cell towers use a mobile switching center to identify each other. It is how your mobile tower can identify the tower your friend is using, so it doesn’t send the data to the wrong location.

Conclusion

A radio Network Controller is an integral part of any radio network. It manages all the aspects of a radio network and allows for smooth data transmission between the nodes in a system. It uses a series of protocols to achieve this function.

One of its functions is Radio Resource Management. Setting up wireless networks can become expensive, so you have to make good use of all your resources. An RMM works to make the best use of resources to give an efficient and cost-effective system.

All these aspects working together make it possible for you to make a phone call or use a router. Every wireless system depends on these networks, which makes understanding them essential for anyone.

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How To Fix High Pitch Noise From Microphone: All You Need To Know

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Microphones are pretty common in today’s life and have made life easier. High pitch noise is a common issue in microphones. Every person across the world has experienced it at least thrice in their lifetime. 

There are several causes and things that you should consider when you hear the noise. These include things like volume setting, hardware, drivers, cables, and many more. 

Now, if you own a microphone and it makes this noise, do not worry. It’s something that you can quickly fix. 

In this article, I will highlight all the probable causes of this issue and solve them. Let’s get back to the commonly asked question. 

How to Fix High Pitch Noise from Microphone

At times the microphones might be overused or are not correctly stored. The speakers will therefore not meet the basic requirements of the work. 

This will lead to poor-quality sound. The microphone and other equipment should be appropriately cleaned and checked regularly and timely. 

Please do not leave the microphone connected to the laptop or console when you are not using it. It’s because even when the microphone is off, electric current can still pass through them.

Find Out The Problem

The one thing that you should know is that you have to know the cause of the high pitch noise from your microphone. After identifying the issue, it’ll be easy to fix the issue. 

Determining the cause can be pretty tricky, but once you get there you are good to go. Ensure that the microphone is not old, worn out, or defective. 

If the gear is broken and cannot be fixed in any way, the microphone can make a high pitch noise. 

You can find the issue relatively quickly by checking the cables, power supply, isolation, electromagnetic, and many more. In case it’s any of these, you can quickly fix the issue. 

The Cause Of High Pitch Noise And The Possible Solutions

If your microphone is not faulty or broken in any way, there’s another issue causing the high pitch noise. 

The goal is to find the cause of the issue and then fix it. In this section, we have highlighted some of the causes of high pitch noise on the microphone.  

Cables 

If the microphone you are using does not connect directly to the computer via Bluetooth or any other connections, then it indeed uses several cables. 

Check the cables that connect the microphone and the audio source to determine if they are in excellent condition. 

Look for holes, leaking airs, and rips on the cables; these may be the causes of the high pitch voice. Ensure the cables and the computer’s power supply on the ground do not run across each other.  

High Microphone Volume

The microphone volume is another thing to look at. If the volume is too high, then it might be the cause of high pitch noise. High volume bounces back and causes the high pitch noises.

Grounding

Grounding is a sensitive factor. Check both your computer and audio interface grounding. You will be able to determine whether an electric discharge is occurring or not occurring. 

Drivers

The new driver updates might be because of the high pitch noise. You need to uninstall the driver you installed or downloaded and then reinstall the driver. 

It might help solve the noise. Again if the drivers are not up to date, it may cause high pitch noise. You should install updates and check if the noise persists. 

Power Supply Issue

Without power, your microphone cannot function. So be sure to take a look at your microphone. The power supply is where your computer and the mic are connected through. 

It offers the necessary power to your device. If the power supply is not stable or has something wrong, you might hear high pitch noises. 

Electromagnetic Interface

You should check the electromagnetic interface. The high pitch noise can be because your device has an overload of electricity from other components. Therefore, you should fix this by unplugging some devices that use different power sources from the microphone. 

Inside Hardware

Confirm that the hardware inside the microphone is functioning normally. At times it might be defective or overworking. Fixing the hardware issues can be tricky, forcing you to buy a new microphone.

Poor Isolation of the ADC or DAC

The ADC initial stands for Analog to Digital Converters, while DAC is Digital to Analog Converters. The ADC works in its unique way. 

It offers analog signals over the input voltage. It then changes the signals to digital representations. 

The DAC and ADC do offer different functions for the microphone. Therefore you should never use them on the same power source. This will undoubtedly cause sound distortion.

Additional Causes For High Pitch Noise

As mentioned earlier, high pitch noise can be so irritating. Be it in a concert or event. At the time, the cause could be the volume difference between the headset and the microphone. 

In such a case, when the microphone’s volume is relatively high, it can create high pitch noises. The noise is known as a feedback loop. 

Another cause can be the wrong settings of the speaker. It creates unnecessary high pitch noise at any frequency. 

The noise starts low but gets louder and so irritating with time. If you place the microphone too close to the speakers, this can certainly happen. 

Using poor instruments can be a cause too. This includes cheap or destroyed instruments. For example, if the microphone’s plug is rusty or the wires have damages, this can cause the issue. 

Plugging in the microphone too near to the external sound device is another common issue that should be avoided at all costs. It causes a high-pitched voice in the background. 

Solution For High Pitch Noise

If you are using a microphone and it starts producing high pitch noise, turn the microphone immediately. After this, hold it from some distance to your mouth. 

Cover the microphone entirely with your hands. This will certainly stop the acoustic feedback. 

You then point the microphone in a different direction and ensure that the equalization of the special gadgetry and acoustic system is excellent. 

Dealing with a microphone is not as easy as it looks. It would be best if you found an operator that has enough experience. Primarily the microphone produces a humming sound when you turn it on for the first time. 

The operator should be able to understand and know this. The operator should be quick to turn the gain before the microphone begins to howl. 

However, this is also dependent on the speakers’ position and how the microphone is held. The operator should be keen and quick to notice any sudden unnecessary feedback and fix it before it ruins everything. 

Directional speakers are great too. However, when using these speakers, the mic can only be behind or beside the speaker. 

Never should you put the mic in front of the speakers. Again you should avoid directing the speakers in areas that can reflect sound like walls. 

Always unplug the microphone when no one is using it. The way you use the microphone also matters. Speaking with the microphone close helps to reduce the noise brought by feedback. Reduce the speakers’ output so that the microphone does not pick unnecessary noise from the speaker. 

Direct injection is excellent for musical injections. Do not use microphones. Using the digital feedback eliminator is also wise and so practical. 

It reduces the chances of experiencing feedback loops. This device comes in different models that have various effectiveness levels. The better ones that are undoubtedly high priced offer better results. 

At times people do experience the high pitch noise when recording. The issue is more common when one is using a mouse. 

Here is a little trick to confirm this. Use your microphone and the mouse without speaking or doing anything. Listen to the recording later, and you’ll notice some noises in the background. 

Primarily the source of the problem is that your microphone is always plugged close to your external noise. 

The problem is so common when using a laptop device. Unplugging the mouse and putting it on a different port will solve the high pitch noise.

Conclusion

High pitch noise can be so irritating. It can be extra annoying when you record for hours, and then at the end of the whole process, you find out that the mic has been producing high pitch noise. 

You might get irritated to the point of thinking there is nothing you can do to fix the issue. You might even think of purchasing an expensive microphone that is not prone to such problems. 

In this article, I have highlighted some of the causes and how to fix them.  The causes of high pitch noise in microphones are several. 

There are also various solutions to the issue. First, you have to identify the problem by finding the source of the high pitch noise. 

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How To Connect Cintiq Companion To PC; Making Your PC And Tablet One

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Tablets have become a standard piece of technology around the globe. This is a phone with specs that are superior to those of a smartphone, but it’s not quite as powerful as a PC. They are touch screen enabled, and you can carry them around with ease.

While they are convenient to use, even powerful tablets don’t match the performance of a PC. This might force you to connect your PC to your tablet to take advantage of both devices. Let us look into this and see how you would go about this;

How To Connect Cintiq Companion to PC

The Wacom is a streamlined pen display platform that you can use to edit or create images. You can use the pen to make your work cleaner and better looking than you can achieve with any computer or laptop.

You, therefore, need to connect your PC to your companion to take advantage of its superior editing. Let us get into the details and how you can pull this off;

The Cintiq companion can connect to any Mac or Windows computer using the Wacom link adapter. 

The adapter is there to increase connectivity options for the users. If your computer has a USB C port, you can use it for a single cable connection. 

To connect using any other option, you have to use the Wacom link adapter. Connect the USB C cable of the adapter to the upper USB C port on your companion. Any port will work, but the upper left port supports the best resolution. 

Connect the USB type A cable and mini display cable from the computer on the other end of your adapter. 

Connect the power adapter to an outlet, then connect the power cable to any companion’s open ports. 

You now need to install a driver to run the connection; you can get it at Wacom.com/support then follow the prompts to download the latest driver for your OS. 

Once the drivers are installed, you will be able to move data between your PC and Cintiq Companion seamlessly.

Cintiq Companion 2 Setup

Most Cintiq companions look the same, and they have an almost similar setup. This makes it easy for you to work with them if you have ever dealt with one before. In case this is your first encounter, here is a guide on how you can go about it;

After unboxing the companion, you need first to plug in the power cable. Hold the power button for about 4 seconds or until the companion boots up. A series of menus will come up, and these are some of the most important in setup.

The first menu will need you to choose the language, select it then follow the prompts through the beginning. 

One menu will request a product key; don’t get alarmed since this key is indicated on your power adapter.

After entering the key, you will get a new window to enter the log-on key and password. After entering all this information, Windows will boot up, and you will see all the tiles like you would on a PC or laptop.

You can tap one of the tiles to confirm if the touch screen is working. If it doesn’t respond, tap the top left express key to bring up the settings. 

Under settings, you might find that touch is off, turn it on, and you should be able to click and drag folders like on a PC.

Next, you need to test the pen that comes with the companion. The pin can work with touch the same as a finger, or you can move it over the screen without touching it to move the cursor. When you use the pen for the first time, it will bring up a settings window.

When you click on the option to calibrate, it will bring up a screen with targets at the corners. Keep the pen upright and click in the middle of each target to get your pen and tablet ready for use. 

After doing this, you need to restart the companion, so it comes with all the correct settings saved. 

To do this, press the home button to bring up the start menu, which will give you access to your applications and shutdown.

 Before you do any significant optimizations, it might be best if you updated the operating system in your companion along with all the software. An updated system will work much better than one that runs on old software that might have issues.

After installing all the updates, restart the companion again to make the changes and integrate the updates into the system. 

Your companion is ready to use, so you can go to the settings and configure it the way you like.

Wacom Cintiq Companion Hybrid Review

If you have used any Cintiq companion tablet before in your life, then you have an idea of what you should expect.

So is this high performance and high-quality output shared in all their tablets? Let us look at the Companion hybrid and see just how well it holds up;

The hybrid is a companion with the same body as its predecessors, but it runs android Jellybean. It has front and rear cameras that can produce surprisingly high-quality images. 

It also has decent speakers for sound output if you need to watch a video or listen to music. On its side, there is an array of connectivity options you could go with. It has a jack for a microphone, USB2.0, a power cable, Micro HDMI, and Micro SD slots. 

All these options make it easy for you to get your creations in and out of the companion whenever you need to.  

The companion measures 248mm by 375mm, which gives it a decent screen size to work with without ruining its portability.

The hybrid has a stand that gives the user three possible working angles. You can tilt it differently when working on a best to achieve the most comfortable angle of work. This will help prevent fatigue, especially around the neck and back.

This tablet has express keys and a rocker ring to give users quick control options. It comes with a Wacom Pro pen with 2048 pressure levels that you can customize using a two-way switch. You can use this pen to create with as much precision as you would get from paper.

The screen offers you multi-touch to give you easier control over your workspace on the screen. The hybrid can run a more straightforward app found on Google Playstore. When sketching, you can use the sketchbook express, which will give you great control without input lag.

Apart from drawing, users also get to take advantage of all Android features. These include brilliant speech recognition, Google Now, and quick operation. The Google keyboard allows you to swipe between characters instead of typing, which will reduce wrist pain.

Why Is A Drawing Tablet A Good Choice?

Everyone is looking for high-end laptops and PCs with complicated designs and powerful GPUs that cost a ton of money. We seem to forget how well a good and simple tablet could do for you while saving your money.

The first advantage of drawing tablets is ergonomics. When working on a screen, the chances are, you get it in a comfortable angle, then you look down at it and start working. If you work like this all day, it will hurt your neck and back over time.

A drawing tablet will allow for better posture. You will be able to sit with your back straight as you work. Even if you do this for long, it will not affect your neck and back.

Drawing tablets are cheaper, with most of them being under $100. These are professional-level tools that can produce high-quality work without hurting your bank account.

In addition to their price, drawing tablets are also more portable than laptops and tablets. Newer models are made as light as possible, so you can even carry them and work on the move without hurting your wrists.

Most drawing tablets are also Bluetooth enabled, which takes the cables out of the equation traveling. 

A drawing tablet is generally more reliable and durable than other tablets because they are limited in functionality.

When you are not doing many tasks simultaneously, it takes longer for you to get tired. Same as a drawing tablet which is dedicated to one task. This reduces the chances of crashes or software failures.

Conclusion

You can connect the Cintiq Companion to your PC using the Wacom adapter, which comes with the companion. 

This will allow you to use the superior editing options in the companion for images and files you can store on your PC, which has more space.

If you choose one correctly, a Cintiq companion or any other drawing can be your closest companion, and it will help you get a lot of good work done. Setup is easy, and once you are done, it is easy to use and has many advantages.

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Why Is The Volume On My Mac Locked? Understanding Your Mac

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Volume issues and bugs are pretty common in the MacBook. It mostly happens after carrying out an update on the operating system. At times it is brought about by the external audio device connection. 

However, do not worry. The issue of volume locking is quite common on MacBook. The incorrect settings or misconfigured applications can result in this issue. 

The issue makes the computer not produce any sound from the headphones or speakers. Being a common issue has made many deeply look into some of the causes and the possible solution. 

In this article, we have highlighted some of the causes of volume locking in Mac. Understanding them will help you do a quick fix on your Mac. So, let’s get back to the question. 

Why Is the Volume on My Mac Locked?

The issue of volume locking can be because of a physical problem with the headphone jack. To confirm this, you should look for a red light on the inside—the modern MacBook’s display red light in case of any issue like blocked sockets.  

It shows that the output has been set to digital audio. The jack has been designed to recognize digital audio, headphone, and output laptop speakers. At times the jack can be faulty and fails to switch back to laptop speakers or headphones. 

This issue is easy to solve. Look at the sound preferences to identify the type of audio settings. If possible, change them. 

Additional Information

Bugs and in the soundboard driver can also be a cause of the problem. To determine this, you’ll have to look into the system logs. 

The great thing is if this is the cause, then you can fix it so quickly by restarting your MacBook. If it happens because of a consistent reason, like when you use a particular app, then it’s not that bad. 

Since you already know what you are dealing with. If it’s random, then I would advise that you visit the Apple repair centre so they can do a check on the issue and fix it under warranty. 

MacBook Sound Issues

Several issues can cause sound issues in a Mac. In this section, we have highlighted the list of issues and fixes for the problems. 

No sound: Check the Volume

It should be the first thing to check before you start looking for other issues. The solution might be as simple as unmuting the volume. 

In most Macs, the volume is adjusted using the F12 button. Press and hold it. Again you should check if it’s an issue with individual apps. 

For example, most browsers do have volume indicators that are next to the tab. You should check on it to be sure that the volume is not on mute. Apps like YouTube also have their volume.  

Select the Right Audio Device

If still, you cannot hear any sound after plugging in your headphones and adjusting the mac volume, there’s a possibility that the Mac has one of the common audio bugs. 

It would be best if you started with the audio device output and input settings. At the time, the Mac tends to select the wrong audio device because of app conflicts, incompatibility of drivers and incorrect configurations. 

You can access this setting from the Apple menu, then system preferences. Switching from one output to another helps fix the issue at times. 

The most commonly made mistake is leaving your MacBook blue tooth on. It then connects to another media device. 

So the audio plays in the other media device instead of through the MacBook output speakers. 

Unplugging and then reconnecting the audio devices helps solve the issue at times, plus always check the mute option. 

You can use the Audi MIDI Setup to look for the output devices connected to your MacBook. 

You can then configure the audio channel sample rate, format, and bit depth. In case of funny audio sounds, you should reconfigure your audio settings and restart the app again to determine if it’s okay. 

The Major Updates Or Third Party Applications

The third-party plugins can be so disturbing. At times they do integrate with your Mac settings, and this makes the sound not work effectively. 

Sound engineers and musicians do know this better. The new macOS always have incompatibility issues with specific software and hardware. The significant upgrades are another thing that should not be taken lightly. 

In case you do not have any updates, it can mess you. Today the developers are too quick at releasing app updates without putting certain things into considerations. 

The USB-related audio issue is another common issue among mac users. Here is one of the audio issues that are brought about by updates. 

  • Big Sur: It brought about major Bluetooth functionality issues. The issues often happen when you try to pair other audio devices to your MacBook. What happens is that the audio output disappears from the list and resurfaces when you restart your MacBook.  

Problem with External Audio Devices

You can sometimes connect any external device such as an HDMI TV to your Mac, but the sound still comes from the Mac speakers. 

The funny thing is that the pictures will still show perfectly, but the HDMI device cannot be seen in the output list. 

When it comes to the audio external audio device, you need to inspect the connection thoroughly. Check the HDMI cable for any breaks or other physical defects. 

Never assume, any minor defect can be the cause of the audio problem. Another thing to consider is compatibility. The external audio device should be surely compatible with the Mac. 

Reset the MacBook Core Audio

In case you are still having issues with audio playback. Consider resetting the low-level playback. It is also known as the core audio. 

So let’s find out what the core audio is. According to apple, the core audio consists of several software frameworks. The frameworks do handle the various audio needs of the Mac applications. 

These include decompression, compression, recording, signal processing, and playback. In MacBook, the launch daemon is the core audio. 

You should note that the daemons run in the background whether your computer is powered on or off. 

The core audio should be able to fix any sound issues like sound not working or crackling noises. There are several ways through which you can reset the core audio. You can do it through the activity monitor and many more. 

Check the Hardware and Ports

You might do a check-in all the software aspects but still, experience the audio problem. Other remaining options will be to examine the Mac ports. 

These include USB, Thunderbolt HDMI, and headphone/microphone sockets. Remove any wired accessories that are connected to the Mac. Check the wires to be sure they do not have any issues like split or fray. 

Shut down the MacBook and plug in the peripherals one at a time. Restart the Mac and try playing audio each time you plug in a new peripheral. In case you use headphones, you might hear the crackling noises. 

In such a scenario, the issue can be with the sockets, examining them, and checking for the red light—the modern MacBook displays red light in case of any issue like blocked sockets. You should clean the socket and connect the headphones plus adjust the level of volume. 

Reset NVRAM

I’m sure you are aware of what the NVRAM is. It’s the small memory in your Mac that stores various settings like display resolution, sound volume, time zone, and many more. 

In the newest chip, “the M1,” you can’t reset the NVRAM using the boot key command. It’s the Mac that tests the NVRAM and resets it in case of any issues. 

Other MacBook Issues

People can be pretty patient while waiting in a long line for a one-minute service. But when it comes to using your device, it may not be the same feel. Freezing is another common issue in MacBook. 

The Mac can freeze and hang up at unexpected times without any solid reason. During this time, the applications become unresponsive; when the entire system freezes, it can worsen and the wait unbearable. 

In case of such a case, you Mac might have an issue that needs a quick fix. There are several times in which the Mac freezes. It can only be a particular app or the whole Mac system.

Conclusion

The volume getting locked can be troubling. Fixing this issue is also not that easy. The Mac does not have a comprehensive tool that can recognize and automatically fix the issue. 

You are therefore required to locate the source of the issue and fix it. It’ll be trial and error, though. In this article, we have comprehensively listed some of the common causes. 

It’ll therefore be easy for you to fix the issue. Note that the volume issue is not the only problem that affects the Mac. You should be aware of the signs of other issues to be able to solve them faster.

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The Frustration Associated With MacBook Pro Freezing After Sleep

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Have you ever been using your Macbook, and then it suddenly starts slowing down, or it freezes? There is nothing more frustrating when this happens in the middle of a Project. It might even make you lose all your work in Progress. However, do not worry since it happens to most people.

The problem of freezing has some characteristics that will make you know that your MacBook Pro is frozen. Moreover, there are different reasons why your MacBook Pro might get frozen. There are also many types of MacBook Pro Freezing that might happen to your Macbook. Do not worry since there are ways to fix this problem and prevent your MacBook Pro from getting frozen.

MacBook  Pro Freezes After Sleep

Sleep mode is essential to your MacBook. The sleep mode feature helps in rebooting your MacBook Pro hence, saving energy and time. When a MacBook Pro gets frozen after sleep, it might mean many things. It is one of the ways to know that there is an overload on your MacBook.

There are also many other reasons why your MacBook Pro Freezes after sleep. When your MacBook Pro freezes, it displays specific characteristics that will make you know that your MacBook Pro is frozen.

MacBook Pro Sleep Mode

Apple introduced the sleep mode feature for MacBooks. It is an energy-saving option for MacBooks. The feature allows you to keep working on your MacBook Pro while in its low power state. Therefore you end up not wasting electricity.

The good thing about the sleep mode feature is that once your MacBook Pro Wakes up from sleep, it will restore all your work. The sleep mode will come in handy to prevent thefts when you leave your MacBook Pro open in public.

How To Set Up The Sleep Mode On Your Macbook Pro

Using sleep is not a mandatory thing to do. However, it is useful when you take occasional breaks and forget to switch your MacBook off. Here are the simple steps you can follow to activate the sleep mode feature.

  • It would be best first to open the Apple menu.
  • Once you open the apple menu, go to settings and select energy saver.
  • On the energy-saver settings, you can apply the setting that you want. You can set your MacBook to switch off after a specific time. You can also make your MacBook hard drive to sleep.

However, problems might come when your Macbook freezes after sleep. It can be frustrating for any user when this happens since you might wait for hours for it to wake up.

Characteristics Of A Frozen Macbook

Here are some of the characteristics that your MacBook might show to suggest that it has frozen.

  • The backlight of your MacBook screen might be activating, but the screen remains black.
  • The mouse pointer might appear, but the screen is still black.
  • There will be times that it will wake up and even display the login screen but freezes after you log in.

Ways To Fix The Problem Of Your Macbook Freezing After Sleep

The good thing about your MacBook’s issue of freezing after sleep is it has its solution. Here is what you can do when your Macbook freezes after sleep.

Check Your Power And Screen Brightness

When your MacBook freezes after sleep, the first thing you should do is to check the most obvious possibility. You may even find that your MacBook has not frozen. You should confirm if your screen brightness is at its minimum or if your MacBook is on.

You should also check if your external power source is on. Therefore you should try and adjust your MacBook’s screen brightness and switch on your MacBook. If doing so is not the solution, you can move to other ways to try and solve the problem.

Switch Your Macbook On And Off

Once you find that the problem is not the screen brightness or that your MacBook is not on, you can try this solution. You will forcefully switch off your MacBook and then turn it on. By doing this, you will get access to your computer again and solve the issue.

It would be best to hold down the power button for some time until your MacBook turns off. Once it has shut down, please wait for a few seconds and then switch it on. If the problem persists, you will have to find another solution.

Reset the SMC and NVRAM

SMC and NVRAM are troubleshooting techniques for fixing display and power problems. The central hub of your MacBook’s hardware is what you call the SMC. The process of resetting your SMC will help you find solutions to issues of power management and display settings.

On the other hand, NVRAM is a hardware component on your MacBook motherboard. The work of the NVRAM is the storage of settings and configurations. The process of resetting your NVRAM will help solve the problem of your MacBook performance.

To perform the above processes, you will first switch off your MacBook OS X and disconnect the power cord.  Once you have done that, hold down the buttons shift, control, option, and power simultaneously and release them together.

You will then reconnect your power cord and turn your MacBook OS X back on. Repeat the rebooting process once it is on, but now hold the option, command, P, and R buttons for about twenty seconds. If freezing does not stop, try another solution.

Reinstall Mac OS

After trying all the above solutions and still the issue persists, you should reinstate your Mac OS. Reinstalling your operating system will solve your MacBook’s software problems and make it start running smoothly.

Are you getting worried about formatting your computer completely when you reinstall your operating system? It is possible to reinstall your OS without formatting your computer. However, you must ensure that you backup your data before reinstalling it. Here are some of the steps you can follow to reinstall your MacBook’s operating system successfully.

  • The first thing you will do is go to your MacBook’s system preferences and select the startup disk.
  • On the startup disk, you will choose the option of reinstalling your OS.
  • You will click continue twice, and when you get prompted by the installer, you will click agree.
  • You will wait until the reinstallation process is complete then you will restart your MacBook.

How To Avoid Your Macbook From Having Freezing Problems In The Future

Many causes might make your MacBook freeze when it goes to sleep. Therefore you should try and avoid them to prevent your MacBook from having freezing issues. The following are some things you can practice to prevent your MacBook from freezing after activating the sleep mode.

Close Applications

There are no specific applications that might make your MacBook freeze after sleep. However, running too many applications at once might be the cause of your MacBook freezing. Multitasking can lead to the overload of your MacBook’s RAM and therefore make it freeze.

You need to go to the memory tab and view the memory pressure graph. If the graph is green, it means you have enough space on your RAM to add other applications. On the other hand, when it is yellow, it is a sign that you should close unnecessary applications.

It would be best to be extra cautious when it is red. It is because it means Your MacBook is using hard drive space rather than RAM space. Therefore your MacBook would be at high risk of having freezing problems when you activate the sleep mode. Therefore ensure you minimize the number of tabs you open simultaneously.

Free Up Disk Space

When your MacBook’s disc space is less than eighty-five percent, you can be sure that it will run smoothly. Therefore ensure that you free up unnecessary apps and files to prevent your MacBook from freezing after sleep. You can also store other files on an external drive to release space from your MacBook’s disk.

Update Your Macbook Operating System

If you run a new program on an old OS, your MacBook will most likely freeze. Therefore you should ensure that you update your MacBook OS to a more recent version like the Mojave version. Doing so will prevent your MacBook from freezing after sleep.

What Should You Do If Freezing Persists Even After Trying Everything?

If your MacBook still freezes even after trying the above solutions, then it is time you head to the Apple store and let professionals handle the matter. You can go to locate.apple.com and find the nearest Apple store to take your Macbook.

Why Is Your Macbook Freezing?

There are several reasons why your MacBook might freeze after sleep. Some of them include having an outdated OS, having hardware issues, and third-party software. Therefore ensure you avoid all those to prevent your MacBook from freezing.

Conclusion

In most cases, most people end up spending on extra RAM, SSD upgrade, or purchasing another MacBook when their MacBook freezes. However, you can use the above way to try and fix the issues without spending anything. You can also avoid the problem of your MacBook freezing by opening a few tabs at a time, updating your OS, and freeing up disk space.

References

The Transfer Of Files From An Old Macbook To A New One: How Long Does Migration Assistant Take?

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It is always a good idea to switch to a new MacBook if an opportunity arises. A new MacBook version may have better features than your old version. When you switch to a new MacBook, you should ensure you transfer all your data from the old Macbook to the new one.

Apple has designed a feature for MacBook users called migration assistant to help you transfer all the files. Most wonder how long it can take for a migration assistant to transfer all your files from the old MacBook to the new one. Here is everything you will need to know about migration assistants.

How Long Does a Migration Assistant Take?

The amount of time that a migration assistant will take to transfer your files depends on many factors. The time that the migration assistant takes might be from a few minutes to a couple of hours. The size of the files you are transferring is the main factor that determines the amount of time the migration assistant takes.

What You Can Transfer Using Migration Assistant

Many people have asked if migration assistants can transfer everything.  A migration assistant is a vital tool that you should have when you switch to a new MacBook. You can find it in the utility folder on your MacBook.

Migration assistant can completely transfer all your data from your old MacBook to your new MacBook. The tool allows you to select the data that you want to move. Here is what you can transfer and where they will go when transferred. You will also know the type of data it will move as to your new MacBook.

System Settings

Migration assistant can move your system settings such as language and location settings from your old MacBook to the new one. On your new MacBook, you can find the location and language settings on the system preferences. On the other hand, the browser homepage will move to safari preferences.

Pictures

Your photos and videos will move to the home folder of your new MacBook once they get transferred. Once they are in your new MacBook, you can create a photo folder and save them there.

Itunes Content

When the migration assistant transfers your iTunes contents to your new MacBook, they will get transferred as music, videos, podcasts, and audiobooks. You will find the music on the Apple Music app, the videos on Apple TV app, the podcasts on the Apple podcast app. Moreover, you will find the audiobooks on the Apple books app.

Outlook

When transferred to your new MacBook, the outlook content will move as different data types. The data types will include people, appointments, IMAP and exchange settings, pop settings, and messages. Each of the data types will go to their respective apps on your new MacBook.

You will find people on contacts, appointments on the calendar app, and pop settings and messages to Mail2. In addition, you will also find the IMAP and exchange settings on the mail app.

How To Transfer Data From Your Old Macbook To Your New Macbook Using Migration Assistant

Migration assistant is one of the best ways to transfer your files from an old MacBook to a new one. Before you start transferring files, you must make some preparations to ensure the process is successful.

  • The first thing you should ensure is that you have updated your windows. The migration assistant will only work with window seven and any other widows past that.
  • It would be best if you had the name and the password of the administrator account on your MacBook.
  • Ensure you connect the two MacBooks to the same network. You should ensure that you create a direct network connection.
  • You should ensure that you uninstall one drive if your MacBook uses it. You can reinstall it back when the transfer of files is complete.

The following are some of the steps you can follow to ensure you migrate your data to your new MacBook successfully.

  • Before you start the transferring process, first install the latest macOS version on both of your MacBooks.
  • Connect your old and new MacBooks to the same network connection after having the latest macOS version on all of them.
  • Once they get connected, go to the system preferences on your old MacBook and select sharing. It would be best to be keen to check your computer names. Clicking the sharing button will give computers around your local network access to your old MacBook.
  • On your new MacBook, go to the application folder and select utilities. You will find the migration assistant there and run it.
  • Select how you want to transfer your files by clicking the option ‘ From a Mac, Time Machine Backup or Startup Disk.’ In the transferring options, select the option of ‘’To another Mac’’ and click continue.
  • Once you do that on your old MacBook, your new MacBook will display a new screen showing available computers in the network. You will select your old MacBook and press continue.
  • A security code will pop up on your old MacBook screen. Before you click on the security, ensure the codes are the same as those on your new MacBook.
  • Your new MacBook will display a screen showing which information you can transfer. Choose the documents and system and network folders and click continue.
  • Your MacBooks will start the transferring process.

What To Do After The Transfer Of Files Is Complete

After your two MacBooks finish the transfer process, you will close the migration assistant on your old MacBook. Afterward, you will log in to the new user account on your new MacBook after providing your password. Once you are in, you will find all the transferred files from your old MacBook.

What To Do If You Face Difficulties In Transferring Your Files

There will be times that you might have issues transferring your files using migration assistant. If it happens to you, here are some things you can try to solve the problem.

  • If you have trouble transferring your files, you can quit all the open apps on your MacBook and migrate your content again.
  • In some cases, your new MacBook may not appear in the migration assistant window of your old MacBook. When this happens, check if you have correctly connected our two MacBooks to the same network. Moreover, you can also connect your two MacBooks with a single Ethernet cable. If the problem persists, check if the firewall software on your MacBook is on and turn it off.
  • Sometimes, your migration assistant might refuse to open on your new MacBook. If it happens, you can turn off any antivirus software on your MacBook.

Ways That The Migration Assistant Can Use To Connect Your Two Macbooks And Transfer Files

Migration assistant has to use several ways to connect your old and new Macbook and transfer your files. The following are some of the ways that the migration assistant uses.

The Use Of Wireless Connection

To make it possible for migration assistants to transfer files, you must connect your two MacBooks to the same local network. It is the easiest way to connect your MacBooks and move files. It would be best to have your Wi-Fi password ready since you will have to put it when you first turn on your new MacBook.

Use Of Thunderbolt And Firewire

There is another unique way of connecting two MacBooks called the Target Disk Mode. When you boot your Mac up in Target Disk Mode, it will make its startup drive available to the connected MacBook. If you want the Target Disk Mode to work, both of your MacBooks should have a set of Firewire or Thunderbolts ports. The downside of using this method is that the connection speed will not be as fast as when using the wireless connection.

Use Of Time Machine Backup

Migration Assistant can also use your Time Machine App to transfer files from your old MacBook to your new one. Your old Macbook should connect the Time Machine drive to the new MacBook for the process to be successful. It becomes even easier when your Time Machine drive is on an external drive.

What Other Transfer Apps Can You Use Apart From Migration Assistant?

You can find other MacBooks that lack a migration assistant. You can still transfer files from one MacBook to another even if your MacBook does not have a migration assistant. One of the ways you can move files without a migration assistant is through the App Store. Moreover, you can also use external devices like USB or use AirDrop.

Does The Migration Assistant Delete The Data On Your Old MacBook?

No, it does not. The work of the migration assistant is to transfer files. Therefore, it does not wipe any data from your old MacBook after the transfer process. You can still access your information on your old MacBook even after you transfer them to your new MacBook.

Conclusion

Having a new MacBook can be an exciting experience. Switching to a new MacBook will require you to transfer your files from your old MacBook. There are many ways you can transfer files, including using airdrops, external drives, or the App Store.

However, the best way to transfer files is through a migration assistant. The amount of time it will take the migration assistant to finish moving files depends on the size of files you transfer.

References

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